參考資料
參考書目@#@1.劉芳如;〈華喦寫生 冊(上)〉,《華喦寫生冊》(臺北:國立故宮博物院,2012年七月初版),頁12-16、26-49、86-89。
2.劉芳如;〈名品聚焦—華喦寫生冊〉,《故宮文物月刊》,第352期(2012年7月份),頁106-119。@#@@#@網頁展示說明@#@〈華喦寫生冊〉是蘭千山館寄存於國立故宮博物院的精彩傑作,共分貳冊裝裱,每冊各十二幅。華喦原名華德嵩,後改名喦,字秋岳。康熙廿一年(1682)生在福建上杭的布衣之家。因上杭古為新羅地,華喦日後雖長期寓居異地,仍自號為新羅山人,以示不忘桑梓。
華喦年少時曾因貧失學,廿二歲後離家赴杭尋求發展。在當地文人名士影響下,潛心研究詩文書畫,致能成為兼具文學素養的全方位藝術家。數十年間,經常往還於杭州與揚州,仰賴硯田筆耕維生,至乾隆廿一年(1756)卒於杭州前,始終創作不輟。文學著作有《離垢集》五卷傳世。華喦的畫藝,初期受惲壽平(1633-1690)、朱耷(約1626-1705)、石濤(1642-1707)、陳洪綬(1598-1652)諸家影響,爾後自出新意,成功締造了個人特質。華喦的師友徐逢吉(1655-1740)曾譽其「文質相兼而又能超出畦畛之外。」亦有論者將華喦納入「揚州畫派」之列,推崇其力謀創變的藝術風格。
〈寫生冊〉未署年款,綜合畫法、書風及用印等元素判斷,應屬華喦六十歲之後的晚期製作。各幅所繪,題材廣泛,囊括人物、鳥禽、草蟲、畜獸與水族等。相互間雖然並無關聯,但形象各箇幽默生動,表情俱足,誠可謂一圖一境,完全流露自家性情,大異於純粹追摹物象的擬真之作。本次將此貳冊以專室展陳,期能帶給觀賞者豐富多彩的審美體驗。
(20120712)@#@@#@網頁展示說明@#@Hua Yan’s “Album of Sketches from Life” is a fascinating masterpiece of Qing dynasty painting entrusted to the National Palace Museum from the Lanqian Shanguan collection. It is actually mounted as two separate albums, each containing twelve leaves. As for Hua Yan’s biography, he originally went by the name Desong, later changing it to Yan, and had the style name Qiuyue. He was born into a family of commoner status in Shanghang, Fujian, in 1682 during the reign of the Kangxi Emperor. Since Shanghang was once known as Xinluo, Hua Yan took the self-styled sobriquet Xinluo Shanren (“Mountain Man of Xinluo”) to reflect his memories of home despite elsewhere living for many years.
When he was a youth, Hua Yan’s family could not afford to continue providing him with an education, so he left home at 22 for Hangzhou to seek his fortunes. Evidently coming to the attention of local scholar-officials, Hua Yan was influenced by them and devoted himself to poetry, painting, and calligraphy, eventually becoming an all-around artist with considerable literary talent. Over the following decades, he traveled frequently between the cities of Hangzhou and Yangzhou, relying on his skills with the brush and ink to make a living. Hua Yan worked ceaselessly in the arts, even up to his death in Hangzhou in 1756 during the Qianlong reign. His literary works were collected into and survived as Anthology of Leaving the Impure. In painting Hua Yan first was influenced by the styles of such artists as Yun Shouping (1633-1690), Zhu Da (ca. 1626-1705), Shitao (1642-1707), and Chen Hongshou (1598-1652), afterwards forging a new style of his own to successfully create a personal manner. Hua Yan’s mentor, Xu Fengji (1655-1740), once praised him as “combining refinement and substance, he also was able to extend beyond the norms.” Hua Yan has also been considered part of the Yangzhou School movement, admired for his striving at innovations in painting.
(20120712-E1)@#@@#@網頁展示說明@#@“Album of Sketches from Life” is undated, but judging from a combination of evidence, such as painting technique, style of calligraphy, and use of seals, it is most likely Hua Yan’s late work from after the age of sixty. The album leaves present a wide range of figural, bird, insect, animal, and aquatic subject matter. Interspersed and apparently unconnected, the forms depicted here nonetheless all appear quite humorous and animated with great expression. Truly encompassing and illustrating a spectrum of themes, the forms fully reveal the artist’s own personal disposition, in contrast to a mere pursuit to capture the appearance of things. The two albums in their entirety are being specially presented in Gallery 208 in the National Palace Museum’s main exhibition building, offering audiences a uniquely rich and dazzling aesthetic experience from the brush of Hua Yan.
(20120712-E2)@#@@#@網頁展示說明@#@「華喦写生冊」は、蘭千山館より國立故宮博物院に寄託いただいている、すばらしい傑作です。この写生冊は2冊からなり、各冊に計12幅の作品が収錄されています。華喦の本名は華德嵩、後に喦に改名、字は秋岳。康熙21年(1682)、福建上杭の平民の家に生まれました。後に華喦は長い間他鄉で暮らしましたが故鄉を忘れず、生まれ故鄉の上杭がかつて新羅の地だったことから、新羅山人を號としました。
年少の頃、貧しかった華喦は教育を受ける機会に惠まれず、22歳の頃に故鄉を離れ、新たな可能性を求めて杭州へ移りました。そこで文人や名士の影響を受け、詩文や書畫の研究に熱心に取り組み、文学的素養も備えた、あらゆる分野に通じた芸術家へと成長しました。そして數十年もの間、杭州と揚州を行き來しつつ書畫家として生計を立て、乾隆21年(1756)に杭州で亡くなるまで、生涯を通して創作を続けました。書畫作品のほか、著書では『離垢集』五卷が伝えられています。華喦の畫芸は、初期に惲寿平(1633-1690)、朱耷(1626頃-1705)、石涛(1642-1707)、陳洪綬(1598-1652)など諸家の影響を受け、その後新たな作風にたどり著いて独自の個性を確立しました。華喦の師友だった徐逢吉(1655-1740)は、「才華と人柄の良さを兼ね備え、その垣根を越えることもできる。」とほめたたえ、華喦を「揚州畫派」の一人に數える論者もいて、その創造性豊かな作風が賞贊されました。
(20120712-J1)@#@@#@網頁展示說明@#@「写生冊」には署名も年款もありませんが、畫法と書風、印章などから總合的に判断すると、華喦60歳以降、晩期に制作されたものと思われます。各作品には人物や鳥類、植物と昆虫、動物、水生動物など、様々な題材が描かれています。それらに直接的な關係はありませんが、それぞれが生き生きとしてユーモラス、表情豊かに描かれており、一つの作品に一つの世界が表現されています。作者自身の個性が遺憾なく発揮された作品は、純粋に物象の姿形を描き写した写実的な作品とは大きく異なっています。この度の展覽会ではこの2冊を208陳列室で展示いたします。バラエティ豊かな「華喦写生冊」の美をご堪能ください。
(20120712-J2)